Gear Box Elevator
ProjectDetails
- RSasmito Studio
- Sidoarjo, East Java, ID
- March, 2019
- Initial Cost: 20 , 000 t o 20,000to50,000 per unit, depending on capacity and features.
- Installation Cost: 10 , 000 t o 10,000to30,000, depending on building complexity.
- Maintenance Cost: 2 , 000 t o 2,000to5,000 annually.
- www.rudhisasmito.com
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General Details
A gear box elevator, also known as a geared traction elevator, is a type of elevator system that uses a gearbox to control the movement of the elevator car. This system is commonly used in mid-rise and high-rise buildings due to its efficiency, reliability, and ability to handle moderate to heavy loads. Below is a comprehensive overview of gear box elevators:
Gearbox Mechanism:
Uses a gearbox to reduce the speed of the motor and increase torque.
The gearbox connects the motor to the traction sheave, which moves the elevator car via steel ropes or cables.
Traction System:
Relies on friction between the ropes and the traction sheave to move the elevator car.
Counterweights are used to balance the load, reducing the energy required to operate the elevator.
Speed and Capacity:
Typically operates at speeds of 150 to 500 feet per minute (0.75 to 2.5 meters per second).
Can handle loads ranging from 2,000 to 10,000 pounds or more, depending on the design.
Motor Type:
Uses an AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current) motor.
AC motors are more common due to their efficiency and lower maintenance requirements.
Control System:
Equipped with advanced control systems for smooth acceleration, deceleration, and precise floor leveling.
Modern systems use microprocessors and software for optimal performance.
Safety Features:
Includes overspeed governors, emergency brakes, and door interlocks.
Complies with safety standards such as ASME A17.1 and EN 81.
Gearbox:
Reduces the motor speed and increases torque to move the elevator car.
Typically made of durable materials like cast iron or steel.
Traction Sheave:
A grooved wheel that grips the steel ropes to move the elevator car.
Motor:
Provides the power to drive the gearbox and traction sheave.
Steel Ropes:
High-strength cables that connect the elevator car to the counterweight.
Counterweight:
Balances the weight of the elevator car and reduces the load on the motor.
Control System:
Manages the operation of the elevator, including speed, direction, and stopping.
Guide Rails:
Ensure the elevator car and counterweight move smoothly and stay aligned.
Safety Devices:
Overspeed governors, emergency brakes, and buffers to ensure safe operation.
Geared Traction Elevators:
Most common type, suitable for mid-rise buildings (up to 15 floors).
Operates at moderate speeds and handles moderate loads.
Geared Machine-Room-Less (MRL) Elevators:
Compact design with the gearbox and motor located within the elevator shaft.
Ideal for buildings with limited space for a machine room.
Commercial Buildings:
Offices, hotels, and shopping malls.
Handles moderate to heavy passenger traffic.
Residential Buildings:
Apartment complexes and high-rise condominiums.
Provides reliable and efficient vertical transportation.
Industrial Facilities:
Factories and warehouses.
Used to transport heavy equipment or materials.
Public Buildings:
Hospitals, schools, and government buildings.
Ensures accessibility and efficient movement of people and goods.
- Efficiency: Uses counterweights to reduce energy consumption.
- Reliability: Proven technology with a long service life.
- Smooth Ride: Advanced control systems ensure comfortable acceleration and deceleration.
- Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of building types and heights.
- Cost-Effective: Lower installation and maintenance costs compared to hydraulic elevators for mid-rise buildings.
- Space Requirements: Requires a machine room for the gearbox and motor (except MRL models).
- Noise: Gearboxes can produce more noise compared to gearless systems.
- Speed Limitations: Slower than gearless traction elevators, making them less suitable for very high-rise buildings.
Installation:
Requires professional installation by certified technicians.
Involves setting up the gearbox, motor, traction sheave, and control system.
Machine room must be designed to accommodate the equipment.
Maintenance:
Regular lubrication of the gearbox and moving parts.
Inspection of ropes, sheaves, and safety devices.
Testing of control systems and emergency features.
Overload Protection: Prevents the elevator from operating if the load exceeds capacity.
Overspeed Governors: Stops the elevator if it exceeds safe speeds.
Emergency Brakes: Engages in case of power failure or system malfunction.
Door Interlocks: Ensures doors are securely closed before the elevator moves.
Must comply with local building codes and safety standards.
Common standards include ASME A17.1 (USA) and EN 81 (Europe).
Regular inspections and certifications are required.
- Energy Efficiency: Use of regenerative drives to reduce energy consumption.
- Smart Technology: Integration with IoT for predictive maintenance and remote monitoring.
- Compact Designs: Development of more space-efficient gearbox systems.
In summary
A gear box elevator is a reliable and efficient solution for mid-rise buildings, offering a balance of performance, cost, and versatility. Its use of a gearbox and traction system makes it a preferred choice for many commercial and residential applications.
